{"id":585093,"date":"2026-08-21T09:36:15","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T02:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=585093"},"modified":"2026-08-21T10:17:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T03:17:47","slug":"pho-mai-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/pho-mai-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00f4 mai (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00f3 m\u00e1t, cheese) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa (b\u00f2, d\u00ea, c\u1eebu…) th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 protein (casein) trong s\u1eefa, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c (curd) kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc (whey), r\u1ed3i \u1ee7, l\u00ean men \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ph\u00f4 mai v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Ph\u00f4 mai gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (\u0111\u1ea1m, canxi, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o), c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi – t\u1eeb m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadm m\u00f9i. Ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh, pizza, m\u00f3n \u00c2u, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f3n \u0103n. <\/strong>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u00f4 mai ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m sao cho \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00f3 m\u00e1t<\/strong>, ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 cheese<\/strong>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa<\/strong> (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1eefa b\u00f2, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1eefa d\u00ea, c\u1eebu, tr\u00e2u…). V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ph\u00f4 mai g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 protein (casein) trong s\u1eefa<\/strong> (th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng men d\u1ecbch v\u1ecb rennet v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c axit), sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c (curd – ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5) kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc (whey)<\/strong>, r\u1ed3i \u00e9p, \u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u00ean men<\/strong> ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ph\u00f4 mai. Ch\u00ednh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men, \u1ee7 (v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi sinh v\u1eadt, th\u1eddi gian, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau) t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, m\u00f9i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u<\/strong> c\u1ee7a ph\u00f4 mai – t\u1eeb m\u1ec1m m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc, t\u1eeb v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9, b\u00e9o ng\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0, n\u1ed3ng m\u00f9i.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai<\/strong> kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng, qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng (nh\u01b0 ph\u00f4 mai Ph\u00e1p, \u00dd, H\u00e0 Lan, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129…). Ph\u00f4 mai gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong> – ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m (protein), canxi, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o v\u00e0 vitamin, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u calo v\u00e0 natri n\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai: ph\u00f4 mai c\u00e0ng \u1ee7 l\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e0ng m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 m\u00f9i v\u1ecb c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eadm<\/strong>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 suy ra c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng – ph\u00f4 mai non, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec m\u1ec1m, v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh; ph\u00f4 mai \u1ee7 l\u00e2u th\u00ec kh\u00f4, c\u1ee9ng, v\u1ecb g\u1eaft n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0o m\u1ecfng r\u1eafc l\u00ean m\u00f3n \u0103n thay v\u00ec \u0103n nguy\u00ean mi\u1ebfng. N\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai l\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1edd th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\"pho-mai-la-gi-1\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m<\/strong> – \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, m\u1ec1m, v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9: nh\u01b0 mozzarella<\/strong> (d\u00f9ng cho pizza, m\u1ec1m, k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i), cream cheese<\/strong> (ph\u00f4 mai kem, l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh cheesecake), ricotta, cottage cheese<\/strong>. Th\u1ee9 hai, ph\u00f4 mai b\u00e1n m\u1ec1m\/b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng<\/strong>: nh\u01b0 gouda, edam<\/strong> (H\u00e0 Lan), cheddar<\/strong> (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7). Th\u1ee9 ba, ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ee9ng<\/strong> – \u1ee7 l\u00e2u, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm: nh\u01b0 parmesan (parmigiano)<\/strong> – c\u1ee9ng, m\u1eb7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0o l\u00ean m\u00ec \u00dd, salad. Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, ph\u00f4 mai m\u1ed1c xanh (blue cheese)<\/strong> – c\u00f3 m\u1ed1c xanh, m\u00f9i v\u00e0 v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eadm, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng (nh\u01b0 Roquefort, Gorgonzola) – k\u00e9n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n. Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, ph\u00f4 mai v\u1ecf m\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng<\/strong> – nh\u01b0 camembert, brie<\/strong> – m\u1ec1m, b\u00e9o, c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u00f4 mai ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn (processed cheese)<\/strong> – lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng (ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e1t, ph\u00f4 mai que, ph\u00f4 mai con b\u00f2 c\u01b0\u1eddi…) r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u00e1u nh\u00f3m ph\u00f4 mai theo k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea7y ph\u00f4 mai:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00f3m ph\u00f4 mai<\/th>\nLo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/th>\nK\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb<\/th>\nH\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t cho<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
T\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m<\/td>\nMozzarella, cream cheese, ricotta, cottage cheese<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, m\u1ec1m m\u1ecbn, v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 b\u00e9o<\/td>\nPizza, cheesecake, salad, \u0103n k\u00e8m tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1n m\u1ec1m\/b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nGouda, edam, cheddar<\/td>\nD\u1ebbo ch\u1eafc, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7<\/td>\nB\u00e1nh m\u00ec k\u1eb9p, m\u00f3n n\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea3y, \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nParmesan (parmigiano)<\/td>\nKh\u00f4, c\u1ee9ng, m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm m\u00f9i<\/td>\nB\u00e0o m\u1ecfng r\u1eafc l\u00ean m\u00ec \u00dd, salad, s\u00fap<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ed1c xanh<\/td>\nRoquefort, Gorgonzola<\/td>\nC\u00f3 v\u00e2n m\u1ed1c xanh, m\u00f9i n\u1ed3ng, v\u1ecb g\u1eaft<\/td>\nL\u00e0m s\u1ed1t, tr\u1ed9n salad, \u0103n k\u00e8m m\u1eadt ong<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf m\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng<\/td>\nBrie, camembert<\/td>\nRu\u1ed9t m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea3y, b\u00e9o ng\u1eady, v\u1ecf tr\u1eafng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\n\u0102n k\u00e8m b\u00e1nh quy, n\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u0129a ph\u00f4 mai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\nPh\u00f4 mai l\u00e1t, ph\u00f4 mai que, ph\u00f4 mai h\u1ed9p<\/td>\nM\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9, tan m\u01b0\u1ee3t khi g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nB\u00e1nh m\u00ec, chi\u00ean gi\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n nhanh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y \u0111i t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m t\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng v\u00ec v\u1ecb nh\u1eb9, d\u1ec5 \u0103n. Nh\u00f3m m\u1ed1c xanh v\u00e0 v\u1ecf m\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i m\u1ea1nh, n\u00ean th\u1eed m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi mua nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

\"pho-mai-la-gi-2\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ph\u00f4 mai<\/h2>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng<\/strong>: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0103n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong> – ph\u00f4 mai k\u00e8m b\u00e1nh m\u00ec, b\u00e1nh quy, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y); th\u1ee9 hai, n\u1ea5u \u0103n<\/strong> – l\u00e0m pizza (mozzarella), m\u00ec \u00dd (parmesan), c\u00e1c m\u00f3n n\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00f4 mai, s\u00fap, s\u1ed1t ph\u00f4 mai; th\u1ee9 ba, l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh<\/strong> – cheesecake (cream cheese), b\u00e1nh m\u00ec ph\u00f4 mai, b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt; th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, \u0103n k\u00e8m<\/strong> – r\u1eafc l\u00ean salad, m\u00f3n \u0103n, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n nhanh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i topping<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb cho m\u00f3n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/strong>: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh<\/strong> – ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u1ea1nh; th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ecdc k\u00edn<\/strong> – d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u00f4 mai b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c \u00e1m m\u00f9i t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh; th\u1ee9 ba, ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong> – ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m d\u00f9ng nhanh h\u01a1n, ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n; th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, l\u1ea5y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n<\/strong> – m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai ngon h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng kho\u1ea3ng 20-30 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o m\u1ec1m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00f9i v\u1ecb d\u1eady r\u00f5 h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi khi v\u1eeba l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m ph\u00f4 mai l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea3ng sau l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tham kh\u1ea3o cho ph\u1ea7n ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf g\u00f3i, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong ng\u0103n m\u00e1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00f3m ph\u00f4 mai<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch b\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3<\/th>\nN\u00ean d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
T\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m<\/td>\nGi\u1eef trong h\u1ed9p k\u00edn c\u00f3 n\u1eafp, ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi mozzarella vi\u00ean<\/td>\nV\u00e0i ng\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nB\u1ecdc gi\u1ea5y s\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed3i cho v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p, tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecdc ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng nilon<\/td>\nV\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1ed1c xanh<\/td>\nB\u1ecdc ri\u00eang, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c v\u00ec m\u00f9i r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u00e1m<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn hai tu\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u1ecf m\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng<\/td>\nGi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u1ed9p gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 \u0111i k\u00e8m, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecdc k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/td>\nKho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\nTheo h\u1ea1n in tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec, \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn ph\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a d\u00f9ng<\/td>\nTheo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ba l\u1ed7i b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n hay g\u1eb7p: b\u1ecdc ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng nilon khi\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb b\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1edbt; \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f4 mai \u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1edf; v\u00e0 c\u1eaft ph\u00f4 mai b\u1eb1ng dao v\u1eeba d\u00f9ng cho th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c khi\u1ebfn ph\u00f4 mai nhanh h\u1ecfng. V\u1edbi ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ee9ng, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i r\u00eca, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf r\u1ed9ng quanh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp; nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ph\u00f4 mai m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed1c th\u00ec n\u00ean b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i. L\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: ph\u00f4 mai gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 canxi nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, calo, natri, n\u00ean \u0103n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin chung, kh\u00f4ng thay t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

\"pho-mai-la-gi-4\"<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n

Trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y<\/strong>, ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng: pizza (mozzarella tan ch\u1ea3y), m\u00ec \u00dd (parmesan b\u00e0o), b\u00e1nh m\u00ec k\u1eb9p, s\u1ed1t ph\u00f4 mai, c\u00e1c m\u00f3n n\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a ph\u00f4 mai (cheese platter) d\u00f9ng khai v\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c k\u00e8m r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang. Ri\u00eang nh\u00f3m m\u00f3n m\u00ec \u00dd, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai ri\u00eang (carbonara d\u00f9ng Pecorino Romano, pesto d\u00f9ng Parmigiano), chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 trong b\u00e0i pasta l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>. \u0110\u0129a ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0 m\u00f3n quen thu\u1ed9c trong th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng fine dining<\/a>, n\u01a1i ph\u00f4 mai th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng ri\u00eang tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f3n tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng. Trong l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh<\/strong>, cream cheese l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cheesecake; ph\u00f4 mai c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec, b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt. Trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n nhanh<\/strong>, ph\u00f4 mai xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: ph\u00f4 mai que chi\u00ean, burger ph\u00f4 mai, khoai t\u00e2y ph\u00f4 mai, tr\u00e0 s\u1eefa kem cheese, b\u00e1nh tr\u00e1ng ph\u00f4 mai… r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ph\u00f4 mai<\/strong>: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f4 mai + r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang<\/strong> – k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n (ph\u00f4 mai \u0111\u1eadm v\u1edbi vang \u0111\u1ecf, ph\u00f4 mai nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi vang tr\u1eafng); th\u1ee9 hai, ph\u00f4 mai + tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, m\u1eadt ong, h\u1ea1t<\/strong> – v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 b\u00e9o, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u1eadt ong g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh ph\u00f4 mai m\u1ed1c xanh; th\u1ee9 ba, ph\u00f4 mai + b\u00e1nh m\u00ec\/b\u00e1nh quy<\/strong> – ph\u1ea7n tinh b\u1ed9t trung t\u00ednh gi\u00fap v\u00f2m mi\u1ec7ng ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng; th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, t\u00f9y m\u00f3n m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (mozzarella cho m\u00f3n c\u1ea7n k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, parmesan cho v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm r\u1eafc l\u00ean, cream cheese cho m\u00f3n b\u00e9o m\u1ecbn).<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a ph\u00f4 mai t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ba mi\u1ebfng kh\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nhau – m\u1ed9t m\u1ec1m, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eadm m\u00f9i – r\u1ed3i th\u00eam b\u00e1nh quy, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00edt h\u1ea1t. X\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u0103n l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t theo chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng m\u1ed1c xanh \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd \u00e1t h\u1ebft v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1ch b\u00e0y n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf qu\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed3 ngu\u1ed9i trong ti\u1ec7c buffet<\/a>, n\u01a1i th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai theo kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

\"pho-mai-la-gi-3\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ph\u00f4 mai<\/h2>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

L\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 protein, t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c r\u1ed3i \u1ee7, l\u00ean men t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i ph\u00f4 mai v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

T\u1eeb s\u1eefa (b\u00f2, d\u00ea, c\u1eebu, tr\u00e2u…), qua \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5, t\u00e1ch curd kh\u1ecfi whey, r\u1ed3i \u00e9p, \u1ee7, l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i\/m\u1ec1m (mozzarella, cream cheese), b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng (gouda, cheddar), c\u1ee9ng (parmesan), m\u1ed1c xanh (blue cheese), v\u1ecf m\u1ed1c tr\u1eafng (brie, camembert)…<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai mozzarella d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho pizza v\u00ec m\u1ec1m, k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i khi n\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai c\u00f3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

C\u00f3; gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea1m, canxi, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, vitamin nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u calo, natri n\u00ean \u0103n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ph\u00f4 mai th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 trong t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ecdc k\u00edn tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u00e1m m\u00f9i, ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; ph\u00f4 mai t\u01b0\u01a1i d\u00f9ng trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, ph\u00f4 mai c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn (processed cheese) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

L\u00e0 ph\u00f4 mai c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng (ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e1t, que, con b\u00f2 c\u01b0\u1eddi…), ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f4 mai v\u00e0 b\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

Kh\u00e1c; ph\u00f4 mai l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 protein s\u1eefa; b\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o s\u1eefa (kem) – hai s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ph\u00f4 mai (cheese) l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 protein, t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c r\u1ed3i \u1ee7, l\u00ean men; c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i (m\u1ec1m, c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ed1c xanh…) v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c<\/strong>. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb quy lu\u1eadt \u1ee7 c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e0ng m\u1eb7n, c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eadm m\u00f9i, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f4 mai cho m\u00f3n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. N\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean men kh\u00e1c, b\u00e0i kimchi l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch vi khu\u1ea9n lactic t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u1ecb chua cho rau c\u1ee7 mu\u1ed1i ki\u1ec3u H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:
\nC\u00e1ch L\u00e0m Kim Chi C\u1ea3i Th\u1ea3o Chu\u1ea9n V\u1ecb H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 \u2013 B\u00ed Quy\u1ebft L\u00ean Men 5 Ng\u00e0y<\/a><\/p>\n

Protein l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e0u protein<\/a><\/p>\n