{"id":571044,"date":"2026-07-27T15:22:22","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T08:22:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=571044"},"modified":"2026-07-27T15:33:27","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T08:33:27","slug":"ankin-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/ankin-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ankin l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf, trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba gi\u1eefa hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon (C\u2261C); c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082 (v\u1edbi n \u2265 2).<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00e3y l\u00e0 axetilen (C\u2082H\u2082). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u1edbp 11 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi. N\u1eafm ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, danh ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ankin s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h2>Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>Ankin l\u00e0 hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf, trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c3 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c0 k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ankin d\u1ec5 tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c. Do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t b\u00e3o h\u00f2a cao h\u01a1n anken n\u00ean ankin th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Ankin \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e3y l\u00e0 axetilen (C\u2082H\u2082) \u2013 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, \u00edt tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0n c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-571057\" src=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-2.jpg\" alt=\"ankin-2\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-2-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 d\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a ankin<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 <strong>C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082<\/strong> (v\u1edbi n \u2265 2). So v\u1edbi ankan (C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208a\u2082) c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 cacbon, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ankin thi\u1ebfu 4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hydro, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c0 trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u trong d\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng ankin:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed C<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean g\u1ecdi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u2082H\u2082<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Etin (axetilen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u2083H\u2084<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Propin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u2084H\u2086<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>But-1-in \/ But-2-in<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u2085H\u2088<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Pent-1-in<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>T\u1eeb C\u2084 tr\u1edf \u0111i, ankin b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea1ch cacbon.<\/p>\n<h2>Danh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ankin<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00ean thay th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ankin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo quy t\u1eafc: ch\u1ecdn m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba, \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 sao cho li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, r\u1ed3i thay \u0111u\u00f4i &#8220;an&#8221; c\u1ee7a ankan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111u\u00f4i &#8220;in&#8221;.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ankin \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch (ank-1-in):<\/strong> li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch, c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed H li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi C c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: axetilen, propin, but-1-in).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ankin gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch:<\/strong> li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 H \u0111\u00ednh v\u00e0o C c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: but-2-in).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ankin \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf v\u1edbi ion kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft axetilen.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-571056\" src=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-1.jpg\" alt=\"ankin-1\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ankin<\/h2>\n<p>Do c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n, ankin th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no: ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n<p>Ankin c\u1ed9ng H\u2082, Br\u2082, HX theo hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ed9ng hydro: CH\u2261CH + 2H\u2082 \u2192 CH\u2083\u2013CH\u2083 (x\u00fac t\u00e1c Ni, t\u00b0).<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ed9ng brom: CH\u2261CH + 2Br\u2082 \u2192 CHBr\u2082\u2013CHBr\u2082 (l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom).<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc: CH\u2261CH + H\u2082O \u2192 CH\u2083CHO (x\u00fac t\u00e1c HgSO\u2084, t\u1ea1o an\u0111ehit axetic).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ion kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c ank-1-in (li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch) t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch AgNO\u2083 trong NH\u2083 t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t:<\/p>\n<p>CH\u2261CH + 2AgNO\u2083 + 2NH\u2083 \u2192 AgC\u2261CAg\u2193 + 2NH\u2084NO\u2083<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ankin c\u00f3 n\u1ed1i ba \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi anken v\u00e0 ankin gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<h3>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ankin l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm (KMnO\u2084) do t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng no.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t: 2C\u2082H\u2082 + 5O\u2082 \u2192 4CO\u2082 + 2H\u2082O. Nhi\u1ec7t ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a axetilen l\u00e0 l\u00fd do n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u00e8n x\u00ec h\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p (\u0111ime, trime h\u00f3a)<\/h3>\n<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, axetilen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ime h\u00f3a t\u1ea1o vinylaxetilen ho\u1eb7c trime h\u00f3a t\u1ea1o benzen (C\u2086H\u2086).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-571058\" src=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-3.jpg\" alt=\"ankin-3\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-3-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ankin<\/h2>\n<p>Axetilen l\u00e0 ankin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/strong> cho canxi cacbua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc: CaC\u2082 + 2H\u2082O \u2192 C\u2082H\u2082\u2191 + Ca(OH)\u2082.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n nhanh metan \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 1500\u00b0C r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhanh: 2CH\u2084 \u2192 C\u2082H\u2082 + 3H\u2082.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a axetilen: l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u00e8n x\u00ec oxi\u2013axetilen \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i (do ch\u00e1y t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn), v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo, dung m\u00f4i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<h2>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ankan, anken v\u00e0 ankin<\/h2>\n<p>Ba d\u00e3y hydrocacbon m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft C\u2013C v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 no. B\u1ea3ng sau gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n so s\u00e1nh nhanh:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>Ankan<\/th>\n<th>Anken<\/th>\n<th>Ankin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i C=C<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung<\/td>\n<td>C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208a\u2082<\/td>\n<td>C\u2099H\u2082\u2099<\/td>\n<td>C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 no<\/td>\n<td>No<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng no<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng no<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>L\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dd brom<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi AgNO\u2083\/NH\u2083<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 (ank-1-in)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng d\u00e3y trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/ankan\/\">Ankan l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/anken\/\">Anken l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a oxi nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/ancol-la-gi\/\">Ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c hydrocacbon h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i 1:<\/strong> Vi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ankin \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean. <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> C\u2082H\u2082, t\u00ean l\u00e0 etin (axetilen).<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i 2:<\/strong> Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o? Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> t\u1eeb CaC\u2082: CaC\u2082 + 2H\u2082O \u2192 C\u2082H\u2082 + Ca(OH)\u2082.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i 3:<\/strong> D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft axetilen? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> dung d\u1ecbch AgNO\u2083 trong NH\u2083 t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t AgC\u2261CAg.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i 4 (tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m):<\/strong> C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208a\u2082 B. C\u2099H\u2082\u2099 C. C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082 D. C\u2099H\u2082\u2099O. <em>\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n:<\/em> C.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00e0i 5:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 0,1 mol C\u2082H\u2082 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau mol CO\u2082? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> theo 2C\u2082H\u2082 + 5O\u2082 \u2192 4CO\u2082 + 2H\u2082O, 0,1 mol C\u2082H\u2082 t\u1ea1o 0,2 mol CO\u2082.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-571055\" src=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-4.jpg\" alt=\"ankin-4\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-4-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ankin-4-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ankin<\/h2>\n<h3>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082 v\u1edbi n \u2265 2, \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi hydrocacbon m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba.<\/p>\n<h3>Ankin \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n<p>L\u00e0 axetilen (etin) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c C\u2082H\u2082, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u d\u00f9ng trong h\u00e0n c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3>Axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n<p>Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb CaC\u2082 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc; trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n metan \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<h3>Ankin kh\u00e1c anken \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n<p>Ankin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C (C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082), c\u00f2n anken c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i C=C (C\u2099H\u2082\u2099). Ankin \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi AgNO\u2083\/NH\u2083.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00ec sao d\u00f9ng AgNO\u2083\/NH\u2083 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ankin?<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ank-1-in (li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch) m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi AgNO\u2083\/NH\u2083, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi anken v\u00e0 ankin gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<h3>Ankin c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3. Do l\u00e0 hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, ankin l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, <strong>ankin l\u00e0 hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 axetilen, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf v\u1edbi ion b\u1ea1c<\/strong>. Khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng danh ph\u00e1p, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ankin \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp hydrocacbon v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u1edbp 11.<br \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 CnH2n-2 v\u1edbi n \u2265 2, \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi hydrocacbon m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ankin \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"L\u00e0 axetilen (etin) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c C2H2, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u d\u00f9ng trong h\u00e0n c\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Axetilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb CaC2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc; trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n metan \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ankin kh\u00e1c anken \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ankin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C (CnH2n-2), c\u00f2n anken c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i C=C (CnH2n). Ankin \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi AgNO3\/NH3.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"V\u00ec sao d\u00f9ng AgNO3\/NH3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ankin?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ank-1-in (li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch) m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi AgNO3\/NH3, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi anken v\u00e0 ankin gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ankin c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom kh\u00f4ng?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"C\u00f3. Do l\u00e0 hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, ankin l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u dung d\u1ecbch brom qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ed9ng.\"}}]}\n<\/script><\/p>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/amino-axit-la-gi\/\">Amino axit l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ankin l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no, m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf, trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba gi\u1eefa hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon (C\u2261C); c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a ankin l\u00e0 C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082 (v\u1edbi n \u2265 2). Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00e3y l\u00e0 axetilen (C\u2082H\u2082). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u1edbp [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":571059,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ankin c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i.","footnotes":""},"categories":[3910,30453],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-571044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kham-pha","category-kien-thuc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ankin c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/ankin-la-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ankin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hydrocacbon kh\u00f4ng no c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ba C\u2261C, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c C\u2099H\u2082\u2099\u208b\u2082. 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