{"id":568934,"date":"2026-07-27T09:27:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T02:27:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=568934"},"modified":"2026-07-28T09:57:44","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T02:57:44","slug":"phan-ung-oxi-hoa-khu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/phan-ung-oxi-hoa-khu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p<\/a> v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hai hay nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n electron gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp 10 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang loay hoay v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sao cho \u0111\u00fang, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn electron, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a (cho electron) v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed (nh\u1eadn electron) lu\u00f4n di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron th\u00ec b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn electron t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

\"phan-ung-oxi-hoa-khu-la-gi-1\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/b><\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng b\u1ed1n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t “cho \u2013 nh\u1eadn electron” s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t cho (nh\u01b0\u1eddng) electron, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a t\u0103ng sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn electron, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho (nh\u01b0\u1eddng) electron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn electron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1ch nh\u1edb nhanh: “kh\u1eed cho \u2013 o (oxi h\u00f3a) nh\u1eadn”. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed th\u00ec b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a, c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a th\u00ec b\u1ecb kh\u1eed. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb9o d\u1ec5 thu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 “ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed cho e n\u00ean s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a t\u0103ng, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a nh\u1eadn e n\u00ean s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m”.<\/p>\n

D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed khi c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t tham gia ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi axit (Zn + HCl, Fe + H\u2082SO\u2084\u2026).<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00e1y, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi oxi ho\u1eb7c phi kim.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea9y kim lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu ra kh\u1ecfi mu\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a O\u2082, H\u2082, Cl\u2082, HNO\u2083, H\u2082SO\u2084 \u0111\u1eb7c, KMnO\u2084\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i (axit \u2013 baz\u01a1, t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a) hay ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n mu\u1ed1i cacbonat nh\u01b0 CaCO\u2083 \u2192 CaO + CO\u2082 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed v\u00ec s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    \"phan-ung-oxi-hoa-khu-la-gi-2\"<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/h2>\n

    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron<\/b>, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 electron ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed cho b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 electron ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a nh\u1eadn. Quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m 4 b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, t\u00ecm ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a (nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a thay \u0111\u1ed5i).<\/li>\n
    • B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Vi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 electron cho \u2013 nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
    • B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: T\u00ecm h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 (b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 chung nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t) sao cho t\u1ed5ng electron cho b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng electron nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
    • B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0110\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed1t c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 g\u1ed1c axit \u2013 hi\u0111ro \u2013 oxi) r\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/b><\/h2>\n

      D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i.<\/p>\n

      V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1:<\/b> C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Fe + HNO\u2083 \u2192 Fe(NO\u2083)\u2083 + NO + H\u2082O.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • B\u01b0\u1edbc 1 \u2013 X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a:<\/b> Fe: 0 \u2192 +3 (t\u0103ng); N trong HNO\u2083 (+5) \u2192 N trong NO (+2) (gi\u1ea3m). V\u1eady Fe l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, HNO\u2083 (N\u207a\u2075) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
      • B\u01b0\u1edbc 2 \u2013 Vi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/b>
        Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a: Fe\u2070 \u2192 Fe\u00b3\u207a + 3e
        Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed: N\u207a\u2075 + 3e \u2192 N\u207a\u00b2<\/li>\n
      • B\u01b0\u1edbc 3 \u2013 Th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron:<\/b> S\u1ed1 e cho = s\u1ed1 e nh\u1eadn = 3, n\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Fe v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a N (trong NO) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 1.<\/li>\n
      • B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 \u2013 \u0110\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/b> Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed N t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng = 3 (trong mu\u1ed1i Fe(NO\u2083)\u2083) + 1 (trong NO) = 4, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n 4 HNO\u2083. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng H v\u00e0 O ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:
        Fe + 4HNO\u2083 \u2192 Fe(NO\u2083)\u2083 + NO\u2191 + 2H\u2082O<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Ki\u1ec3m tra: N (4 = 3 + 1), H (4 = 4), O (12 = 9 + 1 + 2) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2:<\/b> C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Cu + HNO\u2083 (lo\u00e3ng) \u2192 Cu(NO\u2083)\u2082 + NO + H\u2082O.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • B\u01b0\u1edbc 1:<\/b> Cu: 0 \u2192 +2 (t\u0103ng, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed); N: +5 \u2192 +2 (gi\u1ea3m, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a).<\/li>\n
        • B\u01b0\u1edbc 2:<\/b>
          Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a: Cu\u2070 \u2192 Cu\u00b2\u207a + 2e
          Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed: N\u207a\u2075 + 3e \u2192 N\u207a\u00b2<\/li>\n
        • B\u01b0\u1edbc 3:<\/b> B\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 chung nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a 2 v\u00e0 3 l\u00e0 6, n\u00ean nh\u00e2n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a v\u1edbi 3 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed v\u1edbi 2: 3Cu \u2192 3Cu\u00b2\u207a + 6e v\u00e0 2N\u207a\u2075 + 6e \u2192 2N\u207a\u00b2.<\/li>\n
        • B\u01b0\u1edbc 4:<\/b> \u0110\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 3 cho Cu, 2 cho NO. S\u1ed1 N t\u1ed5ng = 6 (trong 3 mu\u1ed1i Cu(NO\u2083)\u2082) + 2 (trong NO) = 8, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n 8 HNO\u2083:
          3Cu + 8HNO\u2083 \u2192 3Cu(NO\u2083)\u2082 + 2NO\u2191 + 4H\u2082O<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Ki\u1ec3m tra: N (8 = 6 + 2), H (8 = 8), O (24 = 18 + 2 + 4) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i<\/b><\/h2>\n

          Sau khi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y luy\u1ec7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i 1:<\/b> Trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Fe + CuSO\u2084 \u2192 FeSO\u2084 + Cu, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/i> Fe cho electron (s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a 0 l\u00ean +2) n\u00ean Fe l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed; Cu\u00b2\u207a nh\u1eadn electron (t\u1eeb +2 xu\u1ed1ng 0) n\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i 2:<\/b> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Zn + 2HCl \u2192 ZnCl\u2082 + H\u2082. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/i> H\u207a nh\u1eadn electron (t\u1eeb +1 xu\u1ed1ng 0) n\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a; Zn cho electron (0 l\u00ean +2) n\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i 3:<\/b> Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng CaCO\u2083 \u2192 CaO + CO\u2082 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed kh\u00f4ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/i> Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Ca (+2), C (+4) v\u00e0 O (\u22122) kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i 4 (tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m):<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? A. Nh\u1eadn electron. B. Cho electron. C. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. D. V\u1eeba cho v\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n:<\/i> B.<\/p>\n

          \"phan-ung-oxi-hoa-khu-la-gi-3\"<\/p>\n

          Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/h2>\n

          Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, quang h\u1ee3p, s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y, s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin v\u00e0 \u1eafc quy, luy\u1ec7n kim, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, pin v\u00e0 \u1eafc quy sinh ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1edd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n gang d\u00f9ng kh\u00ed CO kh\u1eed oxit s\u1eaft th\u00e0nh s\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/h2>\n

          Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          L\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, t\u1ee9c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n electron gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t cho electron n\u00ean s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a t\u0103ng, c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn electron n\u00ean s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a b\u1ecb kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n

          L\u00e0m sao nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          Khi c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          Th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 electron ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed cho b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 electron ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

          Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          Kh\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i (t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, trung h\u00f2a axit \u2013 baz\u01a1) kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed.<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/h3>\n

          C\u00f3. S\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi oxi, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n