Theo chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Hertz (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: Hz) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t. Trong \u0111\u00f3, 1 Hertz t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong 1 gi\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e2y \u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o r\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c quan. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 100 Hz, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 100 l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y<\/p>\n \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb Hz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.\u00a0 \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a James Clerk Maxwell. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Hertz \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb radio, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Wi-Fi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n Sau khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e2m, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ea7m b\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u00e2m thanh c\u00e0ng cao (b\u1ed5ng), v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, \u00e2m thanh c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p (tr\u1ea7m). M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 trung th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u00e2m thanh g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh g\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m thanh trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 20 Hz \u0111\u1ebfn 20.000 Hz. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghe n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u00e2m thanh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, loa, tai nghe,… m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 y t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, radar,… M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb v\u00e0i kilohertz \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn gigahertz. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb ng\u1eafn, d\u00e0i, cao, si\u00eau t\u1ea7n,… M\u1ed7i d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u g\u00ec. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, m\u1ed7i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 430 \u0111\u1ebfn 770 terahertz.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 “dao \u0111\u1ed9ng” nhanh hay ch\u1eadm. M\u1ed7i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 chung trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xung c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3,…<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3 theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn cao. Bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao nhi\u1ec1u quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c, giai \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u00f2a \u00e2m. Nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau,<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh nh\u01b0 loa, tai nghe, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 to c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nghe m\u00e0 tai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, t\u1eeb s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u,<\/p>\n D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u: T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n S\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn: C\u00e1c s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u radio, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, s\u00f3ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng,…<\/p>\n M\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh sau:<\/p>\n Dao \u0111\u1ed9ng: Trong dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n v\u1eadt dao \u0111\u1ed9ng qua v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n S\u00f3ng: Trong s\u00f3ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec9nh s\u00f3ng (ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 b\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng) \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Quang h\u1ecdc: T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u00edm, trong khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng: Khi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7, s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n: S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y khoa. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 si\u00eau \u00e2m, MRI s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng si\u00eau \u00e2m. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y. T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng sang c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Hertz (Hz).<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 2 ki\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb: T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd quay v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 50 Hz.<\/p>\n \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n: T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p.<\/p>\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa 50Hz v\u00e0 60Hz ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 50Hz v\u00e0 60Hz. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam:<\/p>\n T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i xung quanh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51,"featured_media":375940,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3910,30453],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-375840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kham-pha","category-kien-thuc"],"yoast_head":"\n![\"tan-so-la-gi-1\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-1.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\n\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-2\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-2.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nPh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n
T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u00e2m thanh<\/h4>\n
![\"tan-so-am-thanh-la-gi\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-am-thanh-la-gi-1024x634.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nT\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/h4>\n
T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/h4>\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-4\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-4.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nT\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 trong \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/h4>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/h3>\n
\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-5\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-5.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n
\n
Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n
Trong \u00e2m h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-6\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-6.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nTrong \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n
Trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-7\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-7.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nTrong Y h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n
T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-8\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-8.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nT\u1ea1i sao t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h3>\n
C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n
\n
![\"tan-so-la-gi-9\"](\"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2024\/08\/tan-so-la-gi-9.jpg.webp)
<\/picture><\/p>\nL\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n
\n