{"id":303273,"date":"2024-01-12T00:51:14","date_gmt":"2024-01-11T17:51:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=303273"},"modified":"2024-01-12T00:51:14","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T17:51:14","slug":"firmware-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/firmware-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Firmware kh\u00e1c Software nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n th\u1eafc m\u1eafc firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec so v\u1edbi software hay ch\u01b0a? Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 Mobile s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a firmware \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111i t\u00ecm \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi firmware kh\u00e1c software nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

Firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2?<\/h2>\n

Firmware l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m quan tr\u1ecdng, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c. Trong m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a firmware v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Firmware l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i (ROM) ho\u1eb7c flash memory trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. Firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-1<\/picture><\/p>\n

Firmware c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a firmware l\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng\u00a0 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Firmware<\/h3>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u00ec vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m. Firmware \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. N\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-2\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<\/strong>\u00a0Firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, BIOS (Basic Input\/Output System) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<\/strong>\u00a0Firmware c\u1ea5p cao cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware m\u00e1y in cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 in t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, trong khi firmware router cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:\u00a0<\/strong>Firmware c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 sung h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

S\u1eeda l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong> Firmware c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Firmware<\/h2>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec, trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i firmware ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Firmware l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i firmware, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Firmware d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

Firmware c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, firmware c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

Firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p (Low-level firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng bay h\u01a1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ROM ho\u1eb7c EPROM. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m BIOS, UEFI v\u00e0 firmware b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-3\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Firmware c\u1ea5p cao (High-level firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n firmware c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p. Firmware c\u1ea5p cao th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash, cho ph\u00e9p c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i. Firmware c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 firmware c\u1ea5p cao bao g\u1ed3m firmware m\u00e1y in, firmware router v\u00e0 firmware camera.<\/p>\n

Firmware h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con (Subsystem firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, \u00e2m thanh, m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. Firmware h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash ho\u1eb7c ROM.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Firmware d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/h3>\n

Khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i firmware l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, firmware c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/p>\n

Firmware \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n\u00a0(Control firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-4<\/picture><\/p>\n

Firmware giao di\u1ec7n\u00a0(Interface firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, menu c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Firmware b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt\u00a0(Security firmware):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i firmware \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, firmware b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Firmware kh\u00e1c Software nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f2 m\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa firmware l\u00e0 software l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft firmware kh\u00e1c software kh\u00e1c nhau ra sao th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 firmware v\u00e0 software.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 firmware hay software.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

Firmware v\u00e0 software l\u00e0 hai lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Firmware l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, software l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch kh\u00e1c. Software c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hay cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi,…<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-5<\/picture><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa firmware v\u00e0 software l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. Firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 ROM, EPROM ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 software c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb kh\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-6\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc do n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i kilobyte, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa firmware v\u00e0 software. Firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n software. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt software m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt software th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-7\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p firmware n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi firmware, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (software) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c v\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. Firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n software. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, software trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\"firmware-la-gi-8<\/picture><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, firmware th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi software. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 firmware v\u00e0 software \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00ean c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c firmware l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c firmware c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi software. Mong r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean truy c\u1eadp trang web c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 Mobile<\/strong><\/a> th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y b\u1ea1n nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:<\/strong><\/p>\n