{"id":286311,"date":"2023-11-20T19:16:36","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T12:16:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=286311"},"modified":"2023-11-20T19:16:36","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T12:16:36","slug":"may-tinh-lon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/may-tinh-lon\/","title":{"rendered":"TOP 10 si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn) c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u <\/span>si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn)<\/b> v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch TOP 10 si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn si\u00eau v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Fugaku (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n)<\/b><\/h2>\n

Fugaku, chi\u1ebfc si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc RIKEN v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty Fujitsu, Fugaku \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 442 petaflops, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 442 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-1\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Fugaku l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ARM, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00f4 song v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t Fugaku v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Fugaku c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 “qu\u00e1i th\u00fa t\u00ednh to\u00e1n” \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Fugaku c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Summit (Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/b><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1i t\u00ean si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (<\/span>m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn<\/b>) n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 2 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi IBM. Summit, “si\u00eau b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o AI” n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “k\u1ef3 quan” c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Power9 v\u00e0 GPU NVIDIA \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Oak Ridge \u1edf Tennessee. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ra \u0111\u1eddi, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 200 petaflops.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-2\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 Summit l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 gen. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a 4.356 nod v\u1edbi 27.648 GPU v\u00e0 9.216 CPU, Summit v\u1eeba n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a “cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed1” \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ea4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n, si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Summit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sinh h\u1ecdc, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Covid19, Summit \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00edch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra 77 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i virus. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Summit c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1edbn, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn Sierra (Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/b><\/h2>\n

Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u201csi\u00eau to kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi IBM v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Sierra. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh si\u00eau m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 125,712 petaflop. Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Power9 v\u00e0 GPU NVIDIA n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1ebd, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-3\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Sierra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, Sierra c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Song song \u0111\u00f3, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Sierra, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa CPU v\u00e0 GPU, cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i g\u1ea5p 6 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea5p 7 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi “ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh Sequoia” c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 IBM. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Sierra tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ngo\u00e0i Sierra v\u1eabn c\u00f2n <\/span>m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c<\/b> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh si\u00eau \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m Sunway TaihuLight (Trung Qu\u1ed1c)<\/b><\/h2>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu \u0111i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Si\u00eau ph\u1ea9m Sunway TaihuLight \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng “b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh AI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn 174 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7. M\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 kh\u1edbp d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh trong b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-4\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u00f3, Sunway TaihuLight \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Si\u00eau M\u00e1y T\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Sunway TaihuLight nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd 93 petaflops, Sunway TaihuLight s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi x\u1eed l\u00fd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, mang t\u00ean SW26010. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u1ee7ng nh\u1ea5t Tianhe-2 (Trung Qu\u1ed1c)<\/b><\/h2>\n

Tianhe-2 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi “Thi\u00ean h\u00e0 2”, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Si\u00eau M\u00e1y T\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd 33,86 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y, Tianhe-2 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong TOP 500 <\/span>m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn<\/b> \u201ckh\u1ee7ng nh\u1ea5t\u201d to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-5\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Si\u00eau M\u00e1y T\u00ednh v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia Tsinghua. Theo \u0111\u00f3, Tianhe-2 c\u00f3 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Intel Xeon Phi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Intel Xeon E5. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thao t\u00e1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, v\u1edbi 16.000 nod t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 3.120.000 l\u00f5i x\u1eed l\u00fd, Tianhe-2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 Tianhe-2 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u201cg\u00e2y s\u1ed1t\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf sang th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u201ct\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u201d khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn SuperMUC-NG (\u0110\u1ee9c)<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t danh ti\u1ebfng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. V\u00e0 SuperMUC-NG l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u201c\u0111\u1ee9a con c\u01b0ng\u201d c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2012, Li\u00ean Minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a SuperMUC-NG v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c nhau.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-6\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, bao g\u1ed3m CPU Xeon E5-2680 c\u1ee7a intel, GPU NVIDIA v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 26.9 petaflops. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, si\u00eau thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u Ram DDR3 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi Samsung). Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 SuperMUC-NG \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a nhi\u1ec7m.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 \u00edt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 SuperMUC-NG \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m \u201csi\u00eau kh\u1ee7ng\u201d. Theo \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Aquasar c\u1ee7a \u201c\u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u201d IBM. Chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 40 \u0111\u1ed9 C. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a SuperMUC-NG s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Piz Daint (Th\u1ee5y S\u0129)<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u201ch\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c\u201d M\u1ef9 kh\u1ecfi TOP 3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u1ee7ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Piz Daint. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho kho\u1ea3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb 9,8 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh\/gi\u00e2y th\u00e0nh 19,6 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh\/gi\u00e2y. Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi <\/span>m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c.<\/b><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-7\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Cray c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i Seattle. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, c\u00e1i t\u00ean Piz Daint c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. H\u00e0m \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, v\u01b0\u01a1n xa v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Piz Daint \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Intel, bao g\u1ed3m Xeon E5-26xx v\u00e0 NVIDIA Tesla P100. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong kh\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, Piz Daint r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng Trinity (Hoa K\u1ef3)<\/b><\/h2>\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 Mobile s\u1ebd \u201cch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t g\u1ecdi t\u00ean\u201d m\u1ed9t si\u00eau ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng <\/span>\u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Trinity. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Trinity ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c l\u00f2 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 chi \u0111\u1ebfn 174.000.000 USD cho c\u00f4ng ty Cray.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-8\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 979.968 cores, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd 14,137 TFlops\/s, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac CPU Intel Xeon Phi v\u00e0 GPU NVIDIA. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, Trinity m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Trinity \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 \u1edf v\u1ecb th\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, Trinity c\u00f2n l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan an ninh Hoa K\u1ef3. V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 gi\u00fap qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn Hazel Hen (\u0110\u1ee9c)<\/b><\/h2>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 9 trong danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 Hazel Hen. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Atos v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd BullSequana XH2000 v\u00e0 GPU NVIDIA V100. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, Hazel Hen c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi 7.42 petaflops.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-9\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u201c\u0111\u00e0n anh\u201d, Hazel Hen c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, c\u00e1i m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng code c\u1ee7a si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Hazel Hen \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cIllustris-The Next Generation\u201d. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111ang ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 sau khi v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 \u201cBig Bang\u201d x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 13,8 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa Hazel Hen v\u1edbi <\/span>m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nhanh AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n)<\/b><\/h2>\n

AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 si\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cABCI\u201d. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00edch th\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u00f4ng Shinzo Abe \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ra k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c robot. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n chi 173 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 hai si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"may-tinh-lon-10\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3, ABCI c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qua. Bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd 19.9 petaflop, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 12.05 gigaflop\/watt, b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd Xeon Gold v\u00e0 GPU Nvidia Testa V100. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, si\u00eau ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng Primergy CX2550, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u RIKEN \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa ABCI v\u00e0 Fugaku, c\u1ea3 hai si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u00ec m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ri\u00eang. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho m\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/h2>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a <\/span>m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn<\/b> (si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh) h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda m\u1edbi. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn. Hy v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 TOP 10 si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam:<\/b><\/p>\n