{"id":264244,"date":"2023-09-25T23:46:18","date_gmt":"2023-09-25T16:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/?p=264244"},"modified":"2023-09-25T23:46:18","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T16:46:18","slug":"iot-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoanghamobile.com\/tin-tuc\/iot-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 IoT v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 IoT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 Mobile c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a IoT.<\/p>\n

IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a IoT trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n

IoT l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cInternet of Things\u201d, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cInternet c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt\u201d. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn, n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng internet nh\u1eb1m trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\"iot-la-gi\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y nay, IoT \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh qua h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb y t\u1ebf, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, IoT c\u00f2n gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n IoT<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec <\/strong>v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a IoT<\/h3>\n

IoT c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification), c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m th\u00f4ng qua t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u radio. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua internet. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y v\u00e0 internet tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 IoT m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

\"iot-la-gi-1\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a IoT<\/h3>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u1edfi s\u1eafc (1999-2008)<\/strong>: Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Kevin Ashton \u0111\u1eb7t ra thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cInternet of Things\u201d l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1999. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (2009-2015)<\/strong>: D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a cloud computing v\u00e0 Big Data, IoT b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Google, Apple, v\u00e0 Amazon \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 IoT.<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n B\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 (2016\u2013Nay)<\/strong>: IoT tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng IoT xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda th\u00f4ng minh, xe h\u01a1i t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a IoT<\/h2>\n

Sau khi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau<\/h3>\n

Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 IoT, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau qua Internet. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\"iot-la-gi-2\"<\/picture><\/p>\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a IoT l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng IoT thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng theo c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

IoT l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 IoT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n